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For the evaluation of discrimination abili … For the evaluation of discrimination abilities, seed samples of five various Arabidopsis ecotypes (Col-0, Ws, Ler, Nossen, and C24) were used. Arabidopsis transgenic lines expressing rice full-length cDNA (rice FOX lines) under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter were constructed using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens in planta transformation method (Clough and Bent 1998). We screened seed samples of the T2 generation that did not exhibit any visible phenotypes. A total of 3003 lines (74 batches) were analyzed by FT-NIR spectroscopy. FOX lines in each batch comprised samples that were maximum 51 lines harvested during the same growth period with a cultivation container system (Arasystem, Gent, Belgium). To diminish the environmental effect, we analyzed FOX seeds of each batch separately. Subsequently, genomic DNA of each candidate line exhibiting alteration of metabolite fingerprints was isolated from the corresponding seed sample. Then, rice cDNA was sequenced for the annotation of gene function. For annotation of the inserted rice cDNA, the sequences of the candidate genes were analyzed on the basis of information available in the Knowledge-based Oryza Molecular biological Encyclopedia (KOME) and the Rice Annotation Project (RAP) databases. The re-transformants (five individual transgenic plants for each candidate) were constructed to confirm the reproducibility of the metabotype for each line. The details of the method have been described by Kondou et al (2009). Arabidopsis seeds (Col-0), which were harvested at the same time as the re-transformants, were used as the control. e-transformants, were used as the control.
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